1.Generation ya mphamvu ripple
Magwero athu amagetsi omwe timakonda amaphatikiza magwero amagetsi am'mizere ndi magwero osinthira magetsi, omwe ma voliyumu a DC amapezeka pokonzanso, kusefa, ndi kukhazikika kwa voteji ya AC.Chifukwa cha kusefa kosakwanira, ma siginecha opanda kanthu okhala ndi zinthu zanthawi ndi nthawi adzalumikizidwa pamwamba pa mulingo wa DC, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafunde azimveka.Pansi pa voliyumu yomwe idavotera komanso yapano, nsonga ya voteji ya AC mumagetsi a DC imadziwika kuti ripple voltage.Ripple ndi chizindikiro chosokoneza chomwe chimasintha nthawi ndi nthawi kuzungulira mphamvu ya DC, koma nthawi ndi matalikidwe sizinthu zokhazikika, koma zimasintha pakapita nthawi, ndipo mawonekedwe amtundu wa magetsi osiyanasiyana amasiyananso.

2.Kuopsa kwa Ma Ripples
Nthawi zambiri, ma ripples ndi owopsa popanda phindu lililonse, ndipo zoopsa zazikulu za ma ripples ndi izi:
a.The ripple kunyamulidwa ndi magetsi akhoza kupanga harmonics pa chipangizo chamagetsi, kuchepetsa dzuwa la magetsi;
b.Kuthamanga kwapamwamba kumatha kutulutsa mphamvu yamagetsi kapena yapano, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zida zamagetsi zizigwira ntchito molakwika kapena kufulumizitsa zida zokalamba;
c.Ma Ripples mumayendedwe a digito amatha kusokoneza maubwenzi ozungulira;
d.Ma Ripples angayambitsenso kusokoneza kwa phokoso pakulankhulana, kuyeza, ndi zida zoyezera, kusokoneza muyeso wamba ndi kuyeza kwa zizindikiro, komanso zida zowononga.
Chifukwa chake popanga magetsi, tonse tifunika kuganizira zochepetsera kuchuluka kwa maperesenti angapo kapena kuchepera.Pazida zomwe zimakhala ndi zofunikira kwambiri, tiyenera kuganizira zochepetsera kucheperako.